Until recently, species from all but three families of seabirds were known to give extended parental care, provisioning young after fledging. The exceptions were shearwaters, storm-petrels, and penguins. The Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) is now known to feed its young after fledging. This paper adds the Galapagos Penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) to the list, describing five instances of adult provisioning of […]
Laura E. Koehn , Jeffrey J. Hard , Elaine P. Akst , and P. Dee BoersmaThe Auk 133(4):783-805. 2016.https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-16-50.1 AbstractThe evolution of morphology in a population reflects several factors, including the influence of environmental variability on natural selection. We estimated natural selection on, and heritability of, 4 individual morphological traits (bill length, bill depth, flipper length, and foot length) and
From the Abstract: “Seabirds in expanding colonies select the highest-quality nesting habitat, but habitat selection has seldom been studied in declining colonies. We studied a colony of Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) that declined from 314,000 active nests in 1987 to 201,000 in 2014. As expected, nest quality and reproductive success were higher in burrow habitats than in other habitats, and
Full Title: Climate change increases reproductive failure in Magellanic penguins Scientists studied nearly 3,500 Magellanic penguin chicks over 27 years to see how weather affected their survival. Starvation was the most common cause of death overall, but in two years heavy rain killed nearly half of all chicks. Predation and starvation happened every year, while storms caused deaths in about
From the abstract: “Forage fish use and value varied and exhibited patterns across latitudes and ecosystem types. Forage fish supported many kinds of predators, including fish, seabirds, marine mammals and squid. Overall, forage fish contribute a total of about $16.9 billion USD to global fisheries values annually, i.e. 20% of the global ex-vessel catch values of all marine fisheries combined.
Quote from Abstract “We tested four predictions for central-place foragers provisioning offspring along a gradient in primary production spanning 1000 km of coastline in Argentina, using male Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus). Three of the predictions were supported. One prediction was not supported. Overall, penguin foraging patterns reflected patterns of oceanographic production, making them important sentinels of environmental variation.” Metadata Authors:
This 2008 paper argues that penguins are marine sentinels. The largest Magellanic penguin colony in Punta Tombo, Argentina, has declined by 22% since 1987. Although oil pollution used to be a major threat, changes in shipping routes have greatly reduced this problem. Today, penguins are swimming farther from their nests to find food, showing that climate change and fishing are
